Min francis marks



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. SILVER.

ANIMAL SHEARS.

No. 542,380, Patented July 9, 1895.

(No Model.)

- 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. w. SILVER. ANIMAL SHEARS. A K No. 542,380. l Patented July 9, 1895.

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v .v, mnullllmmm www @54W MMM( (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet. 3.

W. SILVER.

ANIMAL SHBARS.

Patented Ju'ly 9, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM SILVER, OF TAMWORTH, NEW SOUTH WALES, ASSIGNOR lOF THREE-FOURTHS TO NATHAN COHEN, OF SAME PLACE, AND BENJ A- MIN FRANCIS MARKS, OF SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES.

NIMAL-SHEARS.

SPECIFICATION forming partiof Letters Patent No. 542,380, dated J'uly 9, 1895. Application filed January 4, 1893. Serialvll'o. 45 7,209. (No model.) Patented in England December 30, 1892, N0. 24,092.

.ain, dated December 30, 1892, No. 24,092,) of

which the following isa specification.

'This invention relates to machine-shears, but more particularly to machines for shearing and clipping wool or for cutting hair.

The primary object of the invention isv to provide a simple and eective machine capable of various adjustments, and which may properly adjust the tension and distribute it equally on both sides ofthe cutter.

forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional elevation of one form of the machine. Figs. 2 to 9 are longitudinal vertical sectional elevations of slightly-modied forms of the machine. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of another modification, illustrating the cap-plate in a raised position. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional elevation on the line XII XII of Fig.

13 of the form shown in' Fig. 10, showing the cap-p1ate in a closed position. Fig. 12 is a plan elevation of the forwardl portion of Fig.Y

10 with the cap-plate removed, and Fig. 13 is a transverse sectional elevation on the line XIV XIV of Fig. ll.

Referring to Fig. 1, 12 is the casing of the machine, which is provided with a coveringcap 13 pivotally secured thereto, as best shown in Fig. l0. Vertically arranged between the cap-plate and the casing 12 is a spindle 14,

having a reduced upper and lower portion adapted t0 lit into a foot-step bearing 15 and a hollow tension-screw 16, located in the casing 12 and the cap-plate, respectively. This spindle has an outwardly-extending arm 17 rigidly secured thereto or formed integrally therewith, the outer end 18 of said arm being U-shaped to form a bearing for the key-piece 19 of the tension-lever 20 to permit of the ready removal of the tension-lever from the arm when so desired. The tension -lever passes through a vertical slot or socket 21 of the spindle 14, in which it is adapted to be adjusted vertically by means of a depending pin or stem 22, which passes Athrough an aperture in the spindle. This stem or pin is provided with a conical end whichv abuts against the upper surface of the tension-lever,

and is provided at its other end with a cap which fits into the hollow tension-screw 16, by which screw vthe said pin is vertically movable. The screw 16 is retained in an adjusted position by the tension lockingspring 23, which is secured at its forward end to the capplate and has its other end arranged to abut against the under side of the enlarged portion ofsaid Screw. At 24 is the comb secured to the underside of the casing, and has arranged above the same the cutter 25, which is connected to the forward end of the tensionlever 20.

For operating the cutter I provide a pin or stud 26 on the arm 17, which is 'engaged on the opposite side'of the arm 17 by the slotted ends of a bifurcated vibrating bar 27, one end of which is spherically formed and engages a recess in a crank 28, secured on the end of a drive-shaft 29, which is arranged in a suitable bearing 30 of the casing and adapted to be rotated in any proper manner. It will be seen that by screwing the tension-screw toward the lever 2O the forward end of the tension-lever 2O will be forced'downward by the stern 22,

IOO

To remove the lever 20, the comb 24 and the `cutter 25 are removed and the tension-screw 16 run back and the lever inverted, whereby the key-piece 19 will be brought opposite the .mouth of the U-shaped end 1S of the arm 17,

when the lever may be withdrawn, or it may be reset`by reversing this operation.

It is obvious that the form of apparatus thus described may be changed in some inrc stances, if so desired.

tion shown is similar to that of Fig. 1, with the exception that-the stem 22 is provided with a spherical lower end which abuts against the tension-lever, the inner end of said lever being supported on a point 31, arranged in a dpending portion of the arm17. The arm 17 is located above the tension-lever instead of below the same, as in Fig. l, and in this case 4 may be operated in any approved manner, or 2o the depending portion of the arm may have two cheeks, between which an overhung eccentric pin may work to effect the vibration of the levers.

The construction shown in Fig. 3 is practically a combination of those of the two preceding figures. The arm 17is arranged to extend both above and below the tensionlever and is pro-vided at its forward end with two nprights or cheeks 32, which form a socket Y3o and grasp the lever 2O on its opposite sides.

Here the stem 22 is made integral with the tension-screw instead of being secured thereto. Fig. 4 is illustrative of a construction which is in principle practically identical with that shown in Fig. 1, except as regards the tension mechanism. An intermediate lever 34 is here used, which is fulcrumedat 35 to a bracket extending from the spindle 14 and is provided with a projecting teat or point 3U, which abuts 4o against a rounded portion of the tension-le-` ver. By turning the screw 16 the stem 22 in pressing on the end of the lever 34 will cause a downward pressure or tension on the le-` ver 20.

Fig. 5 illustrates a construction similar to that shown in Fig. 3. In this case, however, the upper portion of the spindle is dispensed with and the screw 1G is made solid and formed to a point 37, which bears on the le- 5o ver 20. For operating this construction, as in Fig. 4, the bifurcated bar is arranged to span the arm 17, and is connected thereto at the point 38, so as to move the spindle cuits pivot and thereby reciprocate the cutter.

The constructions shown in Figs. Gand 7 are practically identical. In Fig. 6 the central spindle or pivot has its'bearing in the hollow tension-screw 16 and in the casing 12, the central portion of the spindle being some- 6o what enlarged to form a box-like casing 44,

through which the tensionlever 2O passes, and from it extends rearwardly an arm 17, to which vibrating movement is communicated. The rear end of the lever 20 is fulcrumed on 65 a permanent point 46, and the spherical point bears on the upper surface of the lever between this point and the forked end, which In Fig. 2 the construe` is connected to the cutter and applies tension to saidlever. The lever is also provided with spherical portions 47, arranged on opposite sides thereof, so that it will always be in true contact with the sides of the box-like casing ot' the spindle Iand yet be always capable of adjusting itself transversely. A ball working between races may be substituted for the spherical point45 with the object of reducing the friction. In Fig. 7 the point of tension is transposed, the point of the screw 48 serving both to give tension to the lever 20 and to serve as a pivotal point therefor. This screw may be provided with a thumb-cap or formed to receive or engage withior be engaged by a key or Spanner, and may also be provided with a nipping-spring, as 49, for locking the screw when the same is adjusted. The operation of these two forms are practically the same and will be understood from the fore going description.

In Fig. 8 the lever 2O serves as both tension and power lever. Its central portion 50 is turned cylindrical to Iit an aperture in the central portion 51 of the spindle or pivot 52. The rear end of the lever is flattened at the sides so as tout the vibrating bar 27, which is shown in Figs. 10 and 12, and is prevented from being drawn forward by the key 53, which is secured to said lever. In setting up the machine the lever is held sidewise, 'and is then inserted, rear end first, into the aperture or socket in the part 5l of the spindle, there being at one side of this aperture a slot (not shown) through which the key passes, so that when it is pushed home a quarterturn will take the key away from the slot against the solid part of the spindle, whereby the parts are firmly locked together, but in such a way that the lever can turn freely in the spindle to effect transverse adjustmentY on the cutter. Inthis construction, as in Fig. 6, the end of the stem 22 bears against a recess in the spindle instead of directly against the lever.

Fig. 9 is practically a combination of the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 8, except that the end of the tension-lever is provided with a ball 54, which tits into a socket arranged in the central portion ot' the spindle 55, which allows "both vertical and transverse movement of the forked or tension lever 20. Vibrating motion in this case is imparted to the arm 56 of the spindle 55.

Referring to Figs. 10 to 13, it will be seen that `the construction of the central spindle and the lever is practically identical with that shown in Fig. 8, with the exception that both bearings are permanent. Tension is obtained by acting on the comb 24, whose carrier 56, to which the comb is secured, is formed into two legs 57, which are pivoted by a pin 58 to the case 12, by which the comb has a vertical movement. To the sides and forward portion of the carrier a yoke 59 is secured, in the central portion of which is a threaded aperture in which fits the threaded any mechanic.

masso It will be understood that there may be substituted for the spindle and lever any other known form of mechanism, without its attached tension parts, as can be fitted into the machine. Y

By the term socket, as herein employed, is meant that portion of the spindle in which the tension-lever is mounted and by whichv the said spindle and lever are made to move in unison, whether the socket be in the form of a recess, a slot, an aperture, or a socket, strictly so called, so longy as the ,same be adapted to have the tension-lever removably fitted or mounted therein.

In lieu of making the whole tension-lever withdrawable, the same principle of construction can be applied to machines in which the fork or claw is pivoted to the shank of that lever by constructing the pivots lin such a way that the fork or claw can be lifted out at will. A number of simple mechanical contrivances can be devised for this purpose by Thus a spring-catch may be provided, or the pivot may be formed as a bayonet-joint, which will allow the requisite degree of transverse play. When the pointand-cup construction is used, as shown in Figs. 2, 8, 4, 5, 6, and 7, the lever 20 may be square, instead of round, in section; but where it is grasped at the sides it should be swelled and turned spherical, so as to be capable of free adjustment. Accordingto the present invention the tension-lever and its fork are made of a solid casting or forging, andnot, as

mechanism is released the tension lever can be readily withdrawn longitudinally, substantially as described.

2. In a shearing machine, the combination with the spindle and means for partially rotating the same, of a tension lever passing through an aperture in said spindle and arranged to be held therein by a partial rotation of the same, tension mechanism for locking the tension lever to the spindle so as to cause said lever to move in unison with said spindle; said tension mechanism being adapted to permit the tension lever to be readily removed when the tension is relieved without the removal of internal parts of the machine, substantially as described.

3. In a shearing machine, the combination with a spindle having a slotted central'aperture and means for partially rotating the same, of a tension lever provided with a key adapted to be passed through andpbe locked in the aperture of said spindle, tension mechanism for locking the tension lever in the spindle so as to cause said lever to be moved in unison with said spindle, said tension mechanism being adapted to permit the tension lever to be readily removed when the tension is relieved by a partial rotation of said tension lever, substantially as described.

4. In a shearing machine, the combination with a spindle and means for partially rotating the same, ot' a tension lever, tension mechanism for locking the lever to the spindle so as to cause said lever and spindle t) move in arranged below the cutter, substantially as described.

6. Ina shearing machine, the combination with a lever vibrating in a Xed plane and .operating the cutter, of a swinging or canting comb and tension mechanism, substantially as described. p

IV. SILVER.

Witnesses:

O. B. UPJoHN, J r., VICTOR COHEN. 

